RI Constitutional Convention? Reject Question 1

Question 1 will ask voters if they approve the calling of a state constitutional convention.

A vote to "approve" Question 1 means you do want a constitutional convention to happen; a vote to "reject" means you do not want a constitutional convention to happen.

Under our state Constitution, this question is asked every 10 years. 

A constitutional convention is when elected delegates from across the state are charged with proposing amendments to the state Constitution. There are no limits on what amendments can be proposed once a convention meets.

The last state constitutional convention in the nation was held in Rhode Island in 1986 — 40 years ago — and led to the passage of a number of anti-civil rights amendments to our Constitution.

While a constitutional convention is often billed as an opportunity for voters to have a direct voice in state government, it’s not that simple.

For example, there is no limit to how much money can be spent by special interest groups outside of our state to influence what amendments get put on the ballot, meaning Rhode Islanders don't actually have total control of what happens. Conventions are also likely to be extremely political, as many of the people who get elected as delegates to the convention have political connections.

Still not convinced? Read about what happened at the last constitutional convention in the next FAQ.

At Rhode Island’s last constitutional convention in 1986, the convention proposed, and the voters approved, an anti-abortion amendment, an amendment restricting the fundamental right to bail, and an amendment expanding the number of people losing their right to vote because of a criminal record. As this suggests, the convention process is very unlikely to protect the rights of the minorities. Here are a few other "highlights" from 1986:

• The convention approved so many constitutional amendments — 25 — that in order to ensure they could fit on the ballot, the amendments were bundled into 14 confusing ballot questions. As a result, if you wanted to support, for example, adding a “free speech” clause to the Constitution, you also had to vote for a bundled provision eliminating legal protection for abortion rights.
   
• The General Assembly kept a pledge that no current legislator would run as a delegate. Instead, seven former legislators won seats to the convention. At least four relatives of sitting legislators were also elected, including — no lie — the Speaker of the House’s son and sister. Seventeen convention delegates used their participation as a steppingstone to running for a General Assembly seat that very same year.
   
• The push for a 1986 convention was also supposedly all about “reforming” government, but the most significant and controversial proposal to come out of that convention was a constitutional amendment declaring that “life begins at conception,” designed to ban abortions in the state. In fact, the 1986 convention passed not one, but two, amendments to restrict reproductive freedom.
   
• While some people claim a convention is necessary to deal with important structural issues that the General Assembly refuses to address, like line-item veto and political redistricting, these issues were also considered at the 1986 convention — and rejected. In fact, the convention came close to approving a constitutional amendment to expand legislative appointment powers over state agencies; ultimately, it was the General Assembly, not a convention, that approved a “separation of powers” amendment.
   
• Some of the “reform” amendments actually approved by the convention — dealing with four-year terms for state officers, legislative pay, and judicial selection reform — were rejected by the voters because they were so watered down. Voters approved these measures in future years, but only after the General Assembly proposed them in revised form.

A constitutional convention would open the doors to seriously erode Rhode Islanders' civil liberties — the same ones we fight to protect every single day. This is not speculation, since it happened in 1986 and there is simply no reason to expect a different result in these polarized times. Here are just a few reasons to reject Question 1:

• We must protect our civil rights!

If a convention were held today, there is little question that restrictions on LGBTQ+ rights, abortion rights, the rights of immigrants, affirmative action and other current hot button issues would be considered at a convention and placed at risk. A process like a constitutional convention is controlled by the majority, and is almost guaranteed to not consider the rights of minorities.

• Our Constitution is not for sale!

The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that there can be no government limits on how much money corporations spend on referenda campaigns, including proposed constitutional amendments that come out of a convention. We now live in a world of unfettered special interest spending and out-of-state money that distorts campaigns.

• We already have an effective means of changing governance!

Rhode Island does not need a constitutional convention to change our governance. Constitutional changes on critical issues like separation of powers and voting rights may be done, and have been done in the past, by questions placed on the ballot by the General Assembly.

• Our money is better spent elsewhere!

Constitutional conventions are expensive. In past years, the bipartisan preparatory commission has estimated the cost to be more than $2 million. That estimate is sure to be significantly higher when the new estimates are prepared for a convention this year. There are much better uses and services where that money could be spent.

The most important thing, other than voting "no" on Question 1, is to spread the word. Tell your friends, family, and coworkers about why a Constitutional Convention could be devastating for our rights and liberties, and urge them to make a voting plan for the November election to reject Question 1. To make this a little easier, we made a conversation guide with key points and answers to frequently asked questions, which is available below.

Share this link (riaclu.org/rejectQ1) or the social media graphics at the bottom of the page!

For general information about voting, go to the Secretary of State's website: vote.sos.ri.gov
For general information about your voting rights, go to our Know Your Rights page: riaclu.org/vote

RI Citizens for Responsible Government (RICRG) is a diverse statewide coalition of individuals and organizations who have united to oppose a Constitutional Convention and to urge a “no” vote in November on the calling of a convention. The following organizations are members of the coalition:

Planned Parenthood of Southern New England
ACLU of Rhode Island
RI AFL-CIO
RI National Organization of Women
The Womxn Project
RI Coalition for Reproductive Freedom
RI Coalition Against Domestic Violence
RI Commission for Human Rights
Center for Justice
Fuerza Laboral
AFSCME
Rhode Island Federation of Teachers and Health Professionals
National Education Association Rhode Island
RI Building and Construction Trades Council
SEIU District 1199
Working Families Power
RI Black Business Association
Providence Central Labor Council
United Nurses and Allied Professionals
UFCW Local 328
RI Atheists
Humanists of RI
Women’s Health & Education Fund
RI Alliance for Retired Americans
Alliance to Mobilize Our Resistance (AMOR)
Black Lives Matter RI PAC
DARE (Direct Action for Rights and Equality)
Open Doors
NAACP Providence Branch
RI National Association of Social Workers
Olneyville Neighborhood Association
RIC AFT (RIC Faculty Union)
PSA@RIC (RIC Professional Staff Union)
Cranston Teachers Alliance
Warwick Teachers Union
RIAFT/R (Retiree Chapter)
Latino Policy Institute
GLBTQ Legal Advocates & Defenders (GLAD)

Here's a selection of recent stories and articles related to a potential state constitutional convention:

What to know about Question 1, which asks whether RI should hold a constitutional convention (Providence Journal)

Want a constitutional convention in 2026? Here’s how much it could cost the state. (Rhode Island Current)

Many variables at play in cost of a RI constitutional convention. How it might work. (Providence Journal)

The cons keep lobbying hard as constitutional convention preparatory commission goes about its work (Rhode Island Current)

'Frightening prospect': Why RI's unions are organizing against a constitutional convention (Providence Journal)

R.I. constitutional convention ballot question opponents mobilize to convince voters to just say no (Rhode Island Current)

Campaign against Rhode Island constitutional convention launched (ABC6)

R.I. debates whether to hold a state constitutional convention (Boston Globe)